Legal Framework for Artificial Intelligence in Indonesia: Challenges and Opportunities

Ardian Dwi Cahya Firza; Kevin Samudera; Aurellia Saphira; Muhammad Syafiq Hidayat

doi:10.33019/jph.v2i2.14

Authors

Ardian Dwi Cahya Firza University of Bangka Belitung
Kevin Samudera University of Bangka Belitung
Aurellia Saphira University of Bangka Belitung
Muhammad Syafiq Hidayat University of Bangka Belitung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33019/jph.v2i2.14

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence, ITE Law, Electronic Agent

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a form of technology capable of performing tasks autonomously based on electronic data processing. In Indonesia, AI is increasingly applied across various sectors, including banking, e-commerce, healthcare, and others. This paper explores the legal regulation of AI in Indonesia by employing a normative legal research method, utilizing both statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that AI can be classified as an electronic agent under the Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE) Law; however, the existing legal provisions remain general and fail to address specific issues such as ethics, data protection, and accountability. The paper identifies several legal challenges emerging from AI adoption, including the allocation of liability, consumer protection, and the safeguarding of human rights. At the same time, it outlines legal opportunities offered by AI, such as fostering innovation, enhancing efficiency, and improving societal welfare. This study recommends that the Indonesian government prioritize the formulation of a dedicated legal framework on AI, one that comprehensively and proportionally addresses its legal dimensions while aligning with international standards and best practices suited to Indonesia’s socio-legal context.

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